Kei te heke haere te utunga kaipuke, pai ake, kino ake rānei?

E whakaatu ana te pikitia i runga ake nei i te whakatairite i waenga i ngā utu utanga teitei o ngā huarahi nui i ngā rā 90 kua hipa me ngā utu utanga i te marama o Hānuere 2023, me ngā utu utanga mai i Āhia ki te Rawhiti ki te Hauāuru me te Rawhiti o te Hononga o Amerika kua heke iho i te neke atu i te 50%.

 

He aha te hiranga o te taupū utanga moana?

He aha te raru o te hekenga nui o ngā utu utanga moana?

He aha ngā mea i whakaohooho mai i ngā panonitanga o te taupū ki te hokohoko ki tāwāhi tuku iho me te hokohoko ipurangi whakawhiti-rohe i roto i ā tātou wāhanga hākinakina me te whakapakari tinana?

 

01

Ko te nuinga o ngā mahi hokohoko o te ao ka mahia mā roto i ngā utanga moana hei tuku uara, ā, ko te pikinga tere o ngā utu utanga i ngā tau kua taha ake nei kua pā kino ki te ōhanga o te ao.

E ai ki tētahi rangahau 30 tau a te International Monetary Fund (IMF) e kapi ana i ngā whenua me ngā rohe 143, he nui rawa te pānga o te pikinga o ngā utu utanga moana ki te pikinga utu o te ao. Ina piki rua ngā utu utanga moana, ka piki ake te reiti pikinga utu mā te 0.7 ōrau.

I roto i ēnei, ko ngā whenua me ngā rohe e whakawhirinaki nui ana ki ngā kawemai me te nui o te whakaurunga mekameka tuku o te ao, ka kaha ake te kare ā-roto o te pikinga utu nā te pikinga o ngā utu utanga moana.

 

02

Ko te hekenga nui o ngā utu utanga moana e tohu ana i te iti rawa e rua ngā take.

Tuatahi, kua heke te hiahia o te mākete.

I ngā tau e toru kua pahure ake nei, nā te pānga kino o te mate urutā me ngā rerekētanga o ngā tikanga whakahaere, kua kitea te nui rawa o te taonga i roto i ētahi taonga (pēnei i te whakapakari tinana i te kāinga, te mahi tari, ngā kēmu, me ētahi atu). Hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o ngā kaihoko, kia kore ai e hinga i ngā kaiwhakataetae, ka tere ngā kaihokohoko ki te hoko i ngā taonga i mua i te wā. Koinei te take matua o te pikinga o ngā utu me ngā utu kaipuke, me te whakapau kaha hoki i te hiahia o te mākete i mua i te wā. I tēnei wā, kei te mākete tonu ngā taonga, ā, kei te wā whakamutunga o te whakakorenga.

Tuarua, ehara i te utu anake te mea e whakatau ana i te nui o ngā hoko.

I roto i te ariā, kei te heke ngā utu kawe mō ngā kaihoko o tāwāhi, ngā kaihoko hokohoko ipurangi rānei puta noa i te rohe, he mea pai te āhua nei, engari ko te mea pono, nā te "iti o te mōneke, nui ake te kongee", me te waiaro pouri o ngā kaihoko ki ngā tumanakohanga moni whiwhi, ka tino heke te tere o te hokohoko o ngā taonga me ngā taonga hokohoko, ā, ka puta ngā āhuatanga kore e taea te hoko i ētahi wā.

 

03

Kāore e piki ana, kāore hoki e heke ana ngā utu tuku. He aha atu anō tā tātou e taea ai te kaweake i ngā hua whakapakari tinana?

Tuatahi,ngā hua hākinakina me te whakapakari tinanaehara i te mea he hua e hiahiatia ana anake, engari ehara hoki i te ahumahi kua toremi. He wā poto noa iho ngā uauatanga. I a tātou e tohe tonu ana ki te whakawhanake i ngā hua e tutuki ai ngā hiahia o ngā kaihoko, me te whakamahi i ngā huarahi tika mō te whakatairanga me te hoko, ka tere, ka roa rānei te whakaoranga.

Tuarua, me whakamahi ngā rautaki whakawhanake hua me ngā hongere hokohoko rerekē mō ngā kaihanga, ngā kaihokohoko waitohu, ngā kaihoko hokohoko īpurangi, me ngā kamupene hokohoko, me te whakamahi katoa i te tauira hou o te "ipurangi+tuimotu" mō te whakamahere me te whakatinanatanga.

Tuatoru, me te whakatuwheratanga o ngā rohe o te whenua, e tika ana kia kitehia i roto i ngā rā tata nei, ka tino puta anō te tirohanga o te mano tini i ngā whakaaturanga o mua. Me tautoko ake ngā kamupene whakaaturanga ahumahi me ngā whakahaere i te hononga tika i waenga i ngā umanga me ngā kaihoko.