I roto i te ao o ngā taputapu hākinakina kāinga, kua waiho ngā whāriki hīkoi hei whiringa nui mā te hunga kaumātua me ngā tauhou ki te whakakorikori tinana nā te iti o te kaha me te ngāwari o te whakahaere. Heoi, nā te kore o te hanganga tautoko, ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te kore taurite o ngā whāriki hīkoi noa i te wā e whakakorikori tinana ana. E ai ki ngā raraunga rangahau rongoā hākinakina, ko te tūponotanga o te hinga o ngā kaiwhakamahi taputapu hīkoi kāore he taura ringaringa he 18.7%, ā, ko te ōwehenga o te hunga neke atu i te 65 tau te pakeke me ngā tauhou ki te whakakorikori tinana neke atu i te 72%. Mā te hoahoa ergonomic me ngā tikanga tiaki haumaru, ka hangaia e te whāriki hīkoi taura ringaringa he arai haumaru mai i ngā taha e toru: te pumau o te tautoko, te urutau nekehanga, me te tiaki ohorere. Ka tātarihia whānuitia e tēnei tuhinga ōna painga matua o te haumaru mā te whakakotahi i ngā tawhā hangarau me ngā mātāpono pūtaiao.
Tuatahi, te hoahoa hanganga tautoko: Hangaia he kupenga tiaki pumau i te wā e neke ana
Ko te uara matua o te whāriki hikoi ringaringa kei roto i te mahi tautoko ā-ringa o te pūnaha ringaringa hei tautoko i te taurite o te tangata. Me tātarihia mai i ngā āhuatanga e toru: te rauemi o te ringaringa, ngā tawhā hanganga, me te mahi whakatikatika, me ngā mātāpono ergonomic.
1. Rauemi o te ringaringa me ngā āhuatanga miihini: Te whakataurite i te kaha ki te kawe kawenga me te whakamarie
Me tutuki i ngā ringaringa kounga teitei ngā whakaritenga e rua o te kaha ki te pikau kawenga me te whakamarie o te whakamahinga. E ai ki ngā paerewa ahumahi, ko te kaha pikau kawenga pumau o te ringaringa kaua e iti iho i te 150kg, ā, ko te kaha pikau kawenga hihiri (e whai ana i te kore taurite ohorere o te kaiwhakamahi i te wā e hopu ana) kaua e iti iho i te 120kg. Heoi anō, i muri i te 100,000 huringa o ngā whakamātautau pikau kawenga, me whakahaere te tere whakarerekētanga i roto i te 0.5%. E wehea ana ngā rauemi noa mō ngā ringaringa ki ngā wāhanga e rua:
Anga maitai waro-tiketike + paninga PU:Me ≥32mm te whānui o te paipa maitai waro-teitei, ā, me ≥1.5mm te matotoru o te pakitara kia pai ai te piko. Me eke te mātotoru o te rauemi PU o waho ki te 0.9g/cm³, ā, me whakahaere te pakeke o te takutai ki te 60±5HA, e kore e ārai noa i te pēhanga ringa nā te pakeke rawa, engari ka ārai hoki i te pāngia o te pumau o te tautoko nā te ngawari rawa.
Paparanga ārai-paheke konumohe taumata-rererangi + silicone:Ko te kakau konumohe he mea whakamahi i te tukanga whakamahana 6061-T6, me te kaha kume ≥310MPa, ā, ko tōna taumaha he 1/3 noa iho i te taumaha o te maitai waro o taua whakatakotoranga, he mea watea mō te nekehanga whānui o te taputapu. Ko te hohonutanga o te kakano o te paparanga ātete-paheke silicone o te mata he ≥0.8mm, ko te tauwehenga waku he ≥0.6, ā, ko te tere whakaiti kaha pupuri he ≤15% i roto i te taiao makuku, e whakaiti ana i te mōrearea o te paheke o te ringa.
2. Te mokowā o ngā ringaringa me te whakatikatika teitei: Hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o ngā momo tinana rerekē
Ka pā tika ngā tawhā ā-wāhi o te kakau ki te whai huatanga o te tautoko, ā, me tutuki ki ngā paerewa rahi ergonomic. Mō te tawhiti whakapae, me noho te tawhiti waenga o te kakau paerewa i waenga i te 580mm me te 650mm, e tika ana mō te whānuitanga pakihiwi o te 95% o ngā pakeke (ko te whānui pakihiwi toharite o ngā pakeke Hainamana he 370mm ki te 450mm), kia kore ai e herea ngā peka nā te whaiti rawa, te kore rānei e taea te hopu i te wā tika nā te whānui rawa. Me kapi te mahi whakatikatika teitei i te whānuitanga whakatikatika o te 100mm ki te 150mm. Ko te teitei whakarerekētanga iti rawa me ≥750mm (e tika ana mō te hunga he 150cm te teitei), ā, ko te teitei whakarerekētanga mōrahi me ≤900mm (e tika ana mō te hunga he 190cm te teitei). Ko te tawhiti i waenga i ngā taputapu whakatikatika me ≤20mm. Me whakarite kia kitea e ngā kaiwhakamahi o ngā teitei rerekē te tūranga hopu maori – ina rite te teitei o te kakau ki te hope o te kaiwhakamahi, ka taea te whakaiti i te kukū o te uaua mā te 28%, ā, ka taea hoki te whakapai ake i te pumau o te taurite mā te 40%.
Kei ētahi hua papai anō hoki he mahi whakarite koki mō te pupuri ringaringa, ka taea te whakarite pai i waenga i te 0° ki te 15°, kia urutau ai ki ngā momo āhua hopu a ngā kaiwhakamahi pērā i te tuku noa me te toronga paku whakamua, kia whakaitihia ai te pēhanga o ngā hononga.
3. Ngā taipitopito tautoko āwhina: Whakaitihia te mōrearea o te kore taurite ohorere
Haunga te hanganga o te reera matua, he mea tino nui te hoahoa taipitopito mō te tiakitanga haumaru. Me whakamahi he whakawhiti pewa ki te pito o te reera, ā, kaua e iti iho i te 5mm te whānui o te porowhita o te taha kia kore ai e puta he pupuhi me he whara i ngā taha koi. Me whakatakoto kia 1 ki te 2 ngā kokiritanga ārai-paheke ki te taha o roto o te reera, me te teitei kaua e iti iho i te 2mm, kia nui ake ai te waku ina paheke paku te ringa o te kaiwhakamahi. Ka tāpirihia hoki e ētahi hua he pae whakaū whakawhiti ki raro o te reera. Ko te whānui o te tinana o te pae he ≥25mm, ka hanga he hanganga tautoko tapatoru me te reera. Ka whakanui ake tēnei i te kaha ārai-piko whānui o te taputapu mā te 35%, ā, ka ārai pai i te taputapu kei piko nā te kaha taha kotahi.
Tuarua, te arotau i te urutau whakakori tinana: Te whakataurite i ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana o te hunga kaumātua me te hunga tīmata
He rerekē rawa ngā mahi ā-tinana (pērā i te kaha o te uaua, te mahi manawa, me te kaha taurite) o te hunga kaumātua me te hunga tauhou ki te whakangungu tinana i ērā o te hunga whakangungu tinana noa. Ka tutuki i te whāriki hikoi ringaringa te urutau haumaru mā te whakarerekētanga o ngā tawhā whakangungu tinana me te hoahoa tiaki.
1. Te whānuitanga o te whakatikatika tere: Te whakahaere tika i te whānuitanga tere iti
Ko te tere hikoi o te hunga kaumātua me te hunga tīmata he iti ake te tere, ā, he aro nui rātou ki ngā panonitanga o te tere. Ko te whānuitanga o te whakarerekētanga tere o te whāriki hikoi me ngā reera ringaringa me hipoki i te 0.3km/h ki te 6km/h. I roto i te awhe tere iti o te 0.3km/h ki te 2km/h, me tutuki te panoni tere kore-taahiraa, me te hapa piki haere o te tere kaua e neke atu i te 0.1km/h, kia kore ai e pāngia e te tere iti rawa (te nuinga o te 1km/h) i roto i ngā taputapu tuku iho. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau ina heke te tere hikoi mai i te 1km/h ki te 0.5km/h, ka piki ake te pumau o te hikoi o te hunga kaumātua mā te 52%, ā, ka heke te kaha pānga ki te whenua o te waewae mā te 23%, ka whakaiti i te taumahatanga pēhanga ki ngā hononga turi me te pona.
I taua wā anō, me whakamahi te pātene whakarerekētanga tere i tētahi hoahoa nui (diameter ≥25mm), me ngā tauira ārai-paheke i te mata, me te tawhiti ≥30mm, hei whakahaere i te mahi tika a te hunga kaumātua, ngā kaiwhakamahi rānei he ngoikore te ngāwari o te ringaringa, me te karo i ngā huringa tere ohorere i puta mai i ngā pā ohorere.
2. Pūnaha ārai me te pūnaha mimiti ru: Ka whakaiti i te kino o te pānga o ngā hononga
Ko te pirau o te kiriuhi hononga i roto i te hunga kaumātua (ko te matotoru o te kiriuhi i roto i te hunga neke atu i te 60 tau te pakeke he 40% te iti iho i tō rātou tamarikitanga), ā, kāore i te hunga tauhou ngā tikanga tika mō te taunga. Ka ngāwari te pakaru o ngā hononga e rua nā te pānga o ngā mata whenua mārō. I raro i te whitiki oma me ngā ringaringa me ngā whāriki hikoi, me whakatū he maha ngā paparanga o ngā hanganga ārai.
Paparanga ārai mata:He mea hanga ki te rauemi EVA kiato teitei, he matotoru ≥8mm, he tere pekepeke ≥85%, ā, ka taea te mimiti i te 30% o te kaha pānga i te taunga.
Papa tautoko waenga:He papa hanganga honikoma PP te mea e whakamahia ana, he 5mm × 5mm ngā pūwero honikoma, hei tautoko i a ia anō, hei whakamarara hoki i te pēhanga.
Papa mimiti ru o raro:He mea hanga ki te rapa maori, he matotoru ≥5mm, ā, ko te pakeke o te takutai he 45±5HA, he pai mō ngā taumata pakeke rerekē o te whenua (pērā i ngā taera uku me ngā papa rakau), hei ārai i ngā pānga tuarua i puta mai i ngā wiri taputapu e tukuna ana ki te whenua.
I muri i te whakamātautau, i kitea ka taea e tētahi whāriki hīkoi me tētahi pūnaha urunga katoa te whakaiti i te kaha pānga ki te waewae mā te 45% me te pēhanga ki te hononga turi mā te 38%, ka tino whakaiti i te mōrearea o te whara hononga.
3. Mahi āwhina taurite: Whakatikatika wā-tūturu o te pekapeka haere
He ngoikore te pumau o te hikoi o te hunga kaumātua me te hunga tauhou, ā, he ngāwari ki a rātou te peka ke o te hikoi (pēnei i te hurihanga o te waewae, te valgus rānei o te waewae) me te roa o ngā takahanga kāore i te ōrite. Ko ētahiwhāriki hīkoi me ngā ārai ringaHe pūnaha aroturuki hikoi kei roto. Ka aroturukihia te tūranga o te pūwāhi waewae e te pūoko pēhanga (auau tauira ≥100Hz) i raro i te whitiki oma i te wā tūturu. Ina neke atu te peka o te hikoi i te 15mm, ka whakatūpato te taputapu mā te wiri o te ringaringa (auau wiri 50Hz-80Hz, kaha ≤1mm). I taua wā anō, ka whakaitihia aunoa te tere mā te 10% ki te 20% tae noa ki te hokinga o te hikoi ki te āhua noa. Ka taea e tēnei mahi te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te kore taurite i puta mai i te peka o te hikoi mā te 60%, ā, he tino pai mō ngā kaumātua he ngoikore te kaha taurite.
Tuatoru, tikanga tiaki ohorere: Te taurangi haumaru mō te whakatau i ngā āhuatanga ohorere
Ko ngā āhuatanga ohorere i te wā e whakakorikori tinana ana, pērā i te kore whakamarie tinana, te hapa rānei o ngā taputapu, he tino pūtake o ngā mōrearea haumaru. Mā te whāriki hīkoi ringaringa, nā roto i ngā hoahoa tiaki ohorere maha, ka taea te urupare tere ki ngā mōrearea.
1. Pūnaha aukati ohorere: Te aukati tere me ngā momo whakaoho maha
Me whai tikanga whakaoho maha te mahi aukati ohorere kia taea ai e ngā kaiwhakamahi te whakamutu wawe i te taputapu mēnā he āhuatanga ohorere. Ko ngā tikanga whakaoho matua ko:
Pātene āwhatiwhati o te reera ringaringa:Kei te pito o mua o te reera ringaringa e wātea ana ki tētahi wāhi e taea ai te uru atu. He whero kanapa te tae o te pātene, he ≥30mm te whānui. I muri i te pēhitanga, me mutu te mahi a te taputapu i roto i te 0.5 hēkona, ā, me ≤100mm te tawhiti reti o te whitiki oma.
Te hononga o te kī haumaru:He kī haumaru aukume kei roto, ka honoa tetahi pito ki ngā kākahu o te kaiwhakamahi, ā, ka whakaurua tetahi pito ki roto i te taputapu. Ina wetekina te kī mai i te taputapu, me pēhi te whitiki oma i roto i te 0.3 hēkona, ā, ko te tere urupare he 40% te tere atu i te kī haumaru taura kume noa.
Mutu te pūoko pēhanga:Kua whakatakotoria he wāhi tirotiro pēhanga (whānui ≥50mm) ki te taha o te whitiki oma. Ina neke atu te pēhanga i tētahi taha i te 50kg (pērā i te wā e piko ana te kaiwhakamahi ki te taha), ka whakaitihia aunoatia te tere, ā, ka tangi te whakaoho pī. Ki te kore e hoki ki te āhua noa i roto i te 10 hēkona, ka mutu te mahi.
2. Te tiaki i te taumaha rawa me te wera rawa: Te taurite haumaru mō te whakahaere taputapu
He mea nui anō hoki te ngoikore o ngā taputapu hei take mō ngā aituā haumaru. Me whai mana katoa ngā papa hikoi me ngā ringaringa hei ārai i te taumaha rawa me te wera rawa. Me whakatakoto te paepae ārai taumaha rawa o te motuka ki te 1.2 ngā wā o te mana kua whakatauria. Ina neke atu te kawenga motuka i te paepae, ka motu aunoa te taputapu i te hiko ka whakaatu i te waehere hapa. Ka tutuki te tiaki pāmahana motuka mā te pūoko pāmahana ā-roto (te whānuitanga ine -20 ℃ ki te 150℃, te tika ±1℃). Ina neke atu te pāmahana takai motuka i te 120℃, ka whakahohehia te tiaki wera rawa, ka akiaki i te mīhini kia kati mō te whakamatao hei ārai i te tūponotanga o te ahi i puta mai i te wera o te motuka.
Hei tāpiritanga, me tutuki te taura hiko o te taputapu ki te paerewa IEC 60335, me te diameter waea he ≥0.75mm², ā, me whai mono ārai taumaha 10A. Me ≤0.1Ω te ātete whenua o te mono hei ārai i ngā aituā ru hiko e puta mai ana i te turuturu.
3. Pūnaha whakatūpato oro me te mārama: Te tuku mōhiohio haumaru i te wā tūturu
He ngoikore te kaha o te hunga kaumātua me te hunga tauhou ki te mōhio ki te āhua o ngā taputapu, ā, me whakapakari ake te tuku i ngā mōhiohio haumaru mā te whakamahi i ngā oro me ngā rama. Ina whakamahia ana te taputapu, me whai:
Whakaaturanga tere:He whakaaturanga ngongo matihiko LED tōna, he teitei matihiko ≥25mm me te kanapa ≥300cd/m², kia mārama ai te kite a te kaumātua i roto i te tawhiti e 3 mita.
Whakaoho hapa: He rerekē ngā momo hapa e rite ana ki ngā auau rerekē o ngā tohu pī (hei tauira, 1 pī ia hekona mō te tere rerekē me te 2 pī ia hekona mō te pāmahana tino tiketike), ā, ka haere tahi me te kanapa o te rama tohu hapa whero.
Aratohu whakahaere:Ina whakamahia mō te wā tuatahi, ka whakatangi aunoa i te arataki reo (e tautoko ana i te whakawhiti reo maha), e tohu ana i te tikanga pupuri o te kakau, te tikanga whakatikatika tere me te mahi aukati ohorere. Ka taea te whakarite i te rōrahi reo i roto i te awhe 50dB-80dB, e tika ana mō ngā kaiwhakamahi he rerekē ngā āhuatanga whakarongo.
Tuawhā, ngā horopaki tono whānui: Te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga haumarutanga kanorau
Ko te hoahoa haumaru o tete hikoi i roto i te reera ringaringaEhara i te mea he pai te whāriki mō ngā mahi hikoi noa iho, engari ka taea hoki te whakamahi hei whakangungu whakaora, hei āwhina i ia rā, me ētahi atu āhuatanga, hei whakarei ake i tōna uara whakamahinga.
1. Te urutau whakangungu whakaora: Te āwhina i te whakaoranga i muri i te pokanga
Mō te hunga e ora ana i muri i te pokanga hononga (pērā i te pokanga whakakapinga turi), ka taea te whakamahi i ngā MATS hīkoi me ngā ringaringa hei taputapu whakangungu whakaora iti te kaha. Mā te oma i te tere tino iti o te 0.3km/h ki te 1km/h me te tautoko pumau o ngā ringaringa, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakamahi te mahi whakangungu hikoi i roto i te awhe haumaru me te whakahoki mārire i te kaha o te uaua me te awhe nekehanga o te hononga. Ka tautokohia hoki e ētahi hua te hononga ki ngā taupānga whakaora, e tuhi ana i ngā raraunga hikoi (pērā i te tere, te roa o te hikoi, me te koki taunga) mā roto i ngā pūoko i runga i ngā ringaringa, e whakarato ana i te pūtake aromatawai whakangungu mō ngā kaiwhakaora whakaora me te whakarei ake i te haumaru me te whai tikanga o te whakangungu whakaora mā te 40%.
2. Ngā mahi āwhina o ia rā: Whakarei ake i te ngāwari o te whakamahi
I runga i ngā hiahia o ia rā o te hunga kaumātua, ka taea te hoahoa i te whāriki hīkoi ringaringa me ētahi atu mahi āwhina. Hei tauira, ka tāpirihia he pupuri kapu wai (me te kaha kawenga o ≥500g me te diameter o 70mm-90mm) ki te taha o te ringaringa hei ārai i te kore taurite i puta mai i te piko o ngā kaiwhakamahi ki te tiki wai. Kei te tihi o te ringaringa he whāriki pereti papatahi (ka taea te whakarite koki 0°-60°), e tautoko ana i te whakapiri o ngā pereti papatahi i roto i te 10 inihi, he mea watea mō ngā kaiwhakamahi ki te mātaki i ngā ataata whakaako, i ngā ihirangi whakangahau rānei, ā, ka whakaiti i te whakararuraru o te aro i te wā e neke ana. Ka tāpirihia hoki e ētahi hua he wira neke (me te diameter o ≥50mm me te mahi aukati) ki raro o te taputapu. I te taha o te hoahoa āwhina o ngā ringaringa, ka whakaitihia te kaha e hiahiatia ana mō te nekehanga o te taputapu mā te 60%, ka watea mō ngā kaumātua te whakarite takitahi i te tūranga o te taputapu.
Ka aro tika te whāriki hikoi ringaringa ki ngā āwangawanga haumaru o ngā kaumātua me ngā tauhou ki te whakakorikori tinana mā te hanganga tautoko kua whakapaitia, te hoahoa urutau hākinakina me te tikanga tiaki ohorere. Ko tōna uara matua ehara i te mea ko te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te hinganga anake, engari ko te whakarei ake i te whakapono o ngā kaiwhakamahi ki te whakakorikori tinana mā te hoahoa pūtaiao - e whakaatu ana ngā raraunga ko te reiti pumau o te whakakorikori tinana o ngā kaumātua e whakamahi ana i ngā ringaringa i runga i ngā WHARE Hīkoi he 65% teitei ake i te hunga e whakamahi ana i ngā WHARE Hīkoi noa, ā, ka piki ake hoki te auau whakakorikori tinana o ngā tauhou mā te 38%. I te wā e whiriwhiri ana i ngā taputapu whakakorikori tinana kāinga, ko te haumaru te mea nui tonu. Ko te whāriki hikoi ringaringa, me tōna urutau hohonu ki ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana o ngā rōpū tāngata motuhake, kua waiho hei whiringa pai e whakakotahi ana i te haumaru me te whai hua, e whakarato ana i te wheako whakakorikori tinana kāinga haumaru me te watea ki te tini tāngata.
Wā tuku: Oketopa-29-2025